Separate lives: Neuronal and organismal lifespans decoupled
(Medical Xpress)—Replicative aging (also known as replicative senescence) causes mammalian cells to undergo a process of growth arrest dependent on telomeres (the shortening of repeated sequences at the ends o ...
Neuroscience
Mar 27, 2013 |
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Natural process activating brain's immune cells could point way to repairing damaged brain tissue
The brain's key "breeder" cells, it turns out, do more than that. They secrete substances that boost the numbers and strength of critical brain-based immune cells believed to play a vital role in brain health. This finding ...
Neuroscience
Oct 21, 2012 |
4.7 / 5 (3) |
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Researchers discover endogenous antibiotic in the brain
Scientists from the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) of the University of Luxembourg have discovered that immune cells in the brain can produce a substance that prevents bacterial growth: namely itaconic acid. ...
Medical research
May 06, 2013 |
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Recipe for large numbers of stem cells requires only one ingredient
Stem cells and tissue-specific cells can be grown in abundance from mature mammalian cells simply by blocking a certain membrane protein, according to scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and the ...
Medical research
Apr 17, 2013 |
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'Traffic' in our cells works both for and against us
A mechanism that permits essential substances to enter our cells while at the same time removing from them harmful components also has a "down side." This negative aspect prevents vital drugs, such as anti-cancer drugs, from ...
Medical research
May 01, 2013 |
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Immune response linked to key enzyme
(Medical Xpress)—A previously unknown function of a family of enzymes familiar to biologists may contribute to scientists' understanding of signaling molecules involved in the body's immune response and ...
Immunology
Apr 12, 2013 |
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Genetic master controls expose cancers' Achilles' heel
In a surprising finding that helps explain fundamental behaviors of normal and diseased cells, Whitehead Institute scientists have discovered a set of powerful gene regulators dubbed "super-enhancers" that control cell state ...
Cancer
Apr 11, 2013 |
4.8 / 5 (6) |
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Research identifies protein that regulates key 'fate' decision in cortical progenitor cells
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) have solved an important piece of one of neuroscience's outstanding puzzles: how progenitor cells in the developing mammalian brain reproduce themselves while also giving ...
Neuroscience
Sep 21, 2012 |
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Blood-brain barrier building blocks forged from human stem cells
The blood-brain barrier -- the filter that governs what can and cannot come into contact with the mammalian brain -- is a marvel of nature. It effectively separates circulating blood from the fluid that bathes the brain, ...
Medical research
Jun 24, 2012 |
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Cellular bells: Key step in manufacture of red blood cells decoded
A healthy adult must generate as many as one hundred billion new red blood cells each day, to maintain the numbers circulating in his blood. A team of EPFL researchers has identified a key step in the process by which red ...
Medical research
Mar 14, 2013 |
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GABA signaling prunes back copious 'provisional' synapses during neural circuit assembly
Quite early in its development, the mammalian brain has all the raw materials on hand to forge complex neural networks. But forming the connections that make these intricate networks so exquisitely functional is a process ...
Neuroscience
Jan 03, 2012 |
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How the brain folds to fit
During fetal development of the mammalian brain, the cerebral cortex undergoes a marked expansion in surface area in some species, which is accommodated by folding of the tissue in species with most expanded ...
Neuroscience
Apr 26, 2013 |
4 / 5 (1) |
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Researchers identify unusual 'altruistic' stem cell behavior with possible link to cancer
When most groups of mammalian cells are faced with a shortage of nutrients or oxygen, the phrase "every man for himself" is more apt than "all for one, one for all." Unlike colonies of bacteria, which often cooperate to thrive ...
Cancer
Jun 11, 2012 |
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Search for epigenetic decoder leads scientists to Rett Syndrome
(Medical Xpress)—A few years ago, scientists discovered an unexpected layer of information woven into the genetic code – a nucleotide called 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, or 5hmC. Its meaning was unknown at the time, but a ...
Medical research
Dec 21, 2012 |
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Scientists uncover a novel cooperative effort to stop cancer spread
(Medical Xpress)—Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have uncovered a group of what have been considered relatively minor regulators in the body that band together to suppress the ...
Cancer
Nov 28, 2012 |
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